Significance of Genetic Code

1. Universal Language of Life – The same codons specify the same amino acids in nearly all organisms (e.g., AUG = Methionine; UUU = Phenylalanine).

2. Information Transfer – Directs protein synthesis by translating 64 codons into 20 amino acids (61 sense codons + 3 stop codons).

3. Basis of Heredity & Evolution – Conserved genetic code ensures stable transmission of genetic information across generations.

4. Medical Relevance – Mutations altering codons can cause genetic disorders (e.g., GAG → GTG in β-globin → Sickle Cell Anemia).