Definition and Types of Jaundice
Definition:
Jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to increased bilirubin (>2 mg/dL) in blood (hyperbilirubinemia).
Types:
Pre-hepatic (Hemolytic): Excess bilirubin production from RBC breakdown (e.g., hemolytic anemia).
Hepatic: Defective bilirubin metabolism inside the liver (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis).
Post-hepatic (Obstructive): Blockage of bile flow from liver to intestine (e.g., gallstones, tumors).