Essential Fatty Acids

Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) are fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained from the diet.

Examples:

• Linoleic acid (Omega-6) – C18:2 (Δ9,12)

• Alpha-linolenic acid (Omega-3) – C18:3 (Δ9,12,15)
  (Arachidonic acid becomes essential if linoleic acid is deficient.)

Functions:

• Structural component of cell membranes.

• Precursors for eicosanoids (prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes).

• Important for growth, brain function, skin health.

Daily requirement: ~3% of total energy intake.